The toxic effect may be due to the combination of eating the mushrooms and taking alcohol, although the extended time delay between consumption and symptoms suggests the mechanism of toxicity is different than the antabuse effect experienced from Coprinopsis atramentaria with alcohol. Keep in mind that many products contain alcohol, so you must read the labels before consuming any potential alcoholic substance to avoid adverse reactions. Patients treated with metroNIDAZOLE should continue to avoid using any products containing alcohol or propylene glycol for at least 3 days until after completion of therapy.
The afflicted individuals had consumed alcohol with the mushroom, then experienced vomiting and diarrhoea about ten hours later. While Antabuse can be a helpful tool for some individuals in their addiction recovery, there are both pros and cons to incorporating it into their plan. During anaphylaxis, the allergic person's throat swells so much that she or he cannot breath, while internal organs may start to shutdown. Use alcohol cautiously. Alcohol may increase drowsiness and dizziness while you are taking diphenhydrAMINE.
Pholiota squarrosa is thought to be a white rot fungus, which use cellulose as a carbon source, and have the ability to degrade the lignin (present in wood) to carbon dioxide to access the cellulose molecule.
Pholiota squarrosa is similar in appearance to species in the genus Armillaria, but the latter produces white spore prints. The spore print is cinnamon or rusty brown. The gills are covered by a partial veil when young and have a greenish-brown color; mature gills are rusty brown.
The partial veil that covers the young gills forms a thick, woolly ring on the upper part of the stem. Leucopholiota decorosa can also be misidentified with P. squarrosa; it has white, adnexed gills with finely scalloped edges, but it can be distinguished most reliably by its white, nonamyloid spores. The spores are elliptic, smooth-walled, nonamyloid (not absorbing iodine when stained with Melzer's reagent), and measure 6.6-8 by 3.7-4.4 μm.
The basidia (spore-bearing cells) are club-shaped, and four-spored, with dimensions of 16-25 by 5-7 μm. Decaying fruit bodies are also used as a food source by fruit flies of the genus Drosophila. The fruit bodies contain unique chemical compounds that are derived from phenylpropanoids. The fruit bodies are used as a primary food source by the red squirrel Sciurus vulgaris, and have a higher protein content than the other mushrooms typically consumed by this species.
The fungus can attack a wide variety of deciduous host trees, including sugar maple, red maple, yellow birch, paper birch, American beech, and white ash.
P. squarrosoides also lacks the odor of P. squarrosa, and has flesh that is white, not yellow. Patients receiving GLUCOPHAGE may be switched to GLUCOPHAGE XR once daily at the same total daily dose, up to 2000 mg once daily.